Sustainable Agriculture Extension Manual

Part 5 Click to Close Chapter

Soil and water conservation

Conserving soil and water, 84

Soil conservation, 84
Common types of erosion, 84
Water conservation, 85
Agronomic/vegetative conservation measures, 86
Physical soil conservation structures, 87
Controlling mosquitoes in water-retaining pits and reservoirs, 89
Water harvesting in Mooka village, Zambia, 89
Soil conservation in Machakos district, Kenya, 90
Harvesting rainwater from trees, 92

Marking contour lines, 93

A-frame, 93
Line-level, 96

Gully reclamation, 99

Gully reclamation in Mudenda, Zambia, 101

Contour tree-planting, 103

Enset, 105

The water-harvesting innovations of Phiri Maseko, Zimbabwe, 106

Soils, 106
The ruware, 106
Around the homestead, 108
The road, 108
The cropping area, 108
The wetland, 109
Benefits, 109

Soil and water conservation by Shalawe Mwangi, Kenya, 110

Harvesting water, 110
Reducing soil erosion, 111
Looking back, 112

The keyline water-harvesting system, 113

Principles of water harvesting, 115
NULC's keyline system, 115

Smallholder drip irrigation, 119

Bucket system, 120
Drum system, 121

83